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Prolonged in-hospital exposure to an infant with active pulmonary tuberculosis
- M. L. CIOFI DEGLI ATTI, G. CASTELLI GATTINARA, G. CILIENTO, L. LANCELLA, C. RUSSO, L. COLTELLA, M. R. VINCI, S. ZAFFINA, M. RAPONI
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- Journal:
- Epidemiology & Infection / Volume 139 / Issue 1 / January 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 22 July 2010, pp. 139-142
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- Article
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Active pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in a 4-month-old infant 16 days after hospitalization; 186 exposed individuals were traced and one conversion detected. Although the risk of tuberculosis transmission in paediatric hospitals is low, paediatricians in low-incidence countries should maintain a high level of alert for timely identification of cases.
16 - A novel understanding of the three-way interaction between Trichoderma spp., the colonized plant and fungal pathogens
- from V - Fungal biocontrol of pests
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- By S. L. Woo, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, M. Ruocco, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, R. Ciliento, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, P. Ambrosino, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, R. Marra, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, F. Vinale, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, S. Lanzuise, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, D. Turrà, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, S. Ferraioli, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, I. Soriente, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, S. Gigante, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, F. Scala, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, M. Lorito, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy
- Edited by G. D. Robson, University of Manchester, Pieter van West, University of Aberdeen, Geoffrey Gadd, University of Dundee
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- Book:
- Exploitation of Fungi
- Published online:
- 05 October 2013
- Print publication:
- 24 May 2007, pp 291-309
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Summary
Abstract
Trichoderma-based biofungicides are a reality in agriculture, with more than 50 formulations available today as registered products worldwide. Several strategies have been applied to identify the main genes and compounds involved in this complex cross-talk between the fungal antagonist and the microbial pathogen, as mediated by the plant. Proteome and genome analysis have greatly enhanced our ability to conduct holistic and genome-based functional studies. We have identified and determined the role of a variety of novel genes and gene-products, including ABC transporters, enzymes and other proteins that produce or act as novel elicitors of induced systemic resistance, proteins recognized by the plant as avirulence factors, as well as molecules that generally activate the antagonistic activity in Trichoderma spp. We have cloned mycoparasitism-related promoters and used them in combination with GFP and other markers to study the interaction in vivo and in situ between Trichoderma and the fungal pathogen or the plant. Finally, we have transgenically improved the ability of the antagonist to kill other microbes and to activate plant defence mechanisms.
Introduction
Plant diseases caused by pathogenic fungi infections represent a major limiting factor for the cultivation and the conservation of agricultural plants of interest. The consequences of parasite attack result in both quantitative and qualitative reduction of crop production, large economic losses and represent a risk for human and animal health due to the accumulation of residues in the environment and mycotoxin contaminants in food products.